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TajikistanOverview

The Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik:?ум?урииТо?икистон, English: The Republic of Tajikistan), located between Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and China, is the only non-Turkic country among the five Central Asian countries and the smallest country in land area among the five Central Asian countries.

The country's economy has a relatively weak foundation and a relatively single structure. The political and economic crisis after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and years of civil war have severely damaged the national economy of Tajikistan, with a total economic loss of more than 7 billion US dollars.

Tajikistan's economy has gradually recovered since 1997, and from the beginning of the 21st century, a new currency has been issued to stabilize and improve the national financial system.

Foreign Policy

Tajikistan pursues an "open door" and a balanced foreign policy of major powers, and actively develops relations with Central Asian countries, Russia, the United States, the European Union, Iran, Saudi Arabia and other Islamic countries. At the same time, it will develop friendly and cooperative relations with other countries in the world, actively seek foreign aid, and safeguard Tajikistan's independence, sovereignty, security and development. Tajikistan has joined more than 30 international and regional organizations, including the United Nations, OSCE, CIS, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Economic Cooperation Organization, Eurasian Economic Community and Organization of the Islamic Conference. On February 20, 2002, Tajikistan formally joined NATO's "Partnership for Peace" program. Actively participate in international counter-terrorism and drug control work, and advocate the organization of the "Water for Life" 2005-2015 Decade Action Conference within the framework of the United Nations, which has received support from more than 140 countries. By the end of 2011, Tajikistan had established diplomatic relations with 124 countries and opened 26 embassies, consulates and permanent representative offices abroad.

Relations with China

Established diplomatic relations with China on January 4, 1992. In 2011, China-Tajikistan good-neighborly, friendly and cooperative relations developed steadily. From April 24 to 25, Chinese State Councilor and Minister of Public Security Meng Jianzhu paid an official visit to Tajikistan. In the meantime, the Meng National Committee held meetings with Tajik President Rahmon, Secretary of the Security Council Azimov, and Chairman of the National Security Committee Yazimov, and held talks with Minister of the Interior Kahorov. The parties signed the Agreement on Cooperation between the Ministry of Public Security of the Republic of the People's Republic of China and the National Security Council of the Republic of Tajikistan and other documents. On June 14, Chinese President Hu Jintao met with Tajik President Rahmon during the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, and exchanged views on bilateral relations and other issues of common concern. From August 21 to 23, Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the Central Political and Legal Committee, paid an official visit to the Tower. During this period, he held talks with President Rahmon of Tajikistan and met with Speaker of the House of Lords Ubaiduloyev, Speaker of the House of Commons Zukhurov and Prime Minister Akilov. The two sides signed the "Memorandum of Exchange and Cooperation between the Communist Party of China and the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan" and other documents.

In the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, the whole territory of the Pamir Plateau was under the jurisdiction of China. In 1890, Russia and Britain signed an Anglo-Russian agreement, whereby Britain acquired Vahan Pamir and Russia acquired the north. Only Wahan Pamir belongs to Afghanistan. After the founding of the Republic of China, due to the war, the Pamir Plateau has always been unable to effectively rule. However, the government of the Republic of China has always regarded the Pi Chi River in the west of the Pamirs as the extreme western point of China. In the 1960 s, the People's Republic of China signed a border treaty with Afghanistan, officially recognizing the abandonment of Wakhan Pamir. Tajikistan became independent in the 1990 s, and when signing the treaty, it also recognized the abandonment of the northern border of Pamir. China's extreme west point moved eastward to its present position.

According to the protocol on demarcation of the national boundary between the People's Republic of China and the government of the Republic of Tajikistan signed by China and Tajikistan on April 27, 2010, 1158 square kilometers of land under the actual control of Tajikistan is assigned to China.

In January 2011, in order to resolve the territorial dispute with the People's Republic of China, the Tajik parliament voted to give China 1,000 square kilometers of land, accounting for only a little more than 3% of the disputed land area. Tajik Foreign Minister Zarifi called the land transfer a diplomatic victory for Tajikistan, as China initially claimed sovereignty over about 28,000 square kilometers of Tajik territory. However, an opposition leader in Tajikistan had a different view, calling the move unconstitutional and a failure for the Central Asian country.

On September 20, 2011, representatives of the border defense forces of China and the Republic of Tajikistan held a handover ceremony of the newly demarcated border between China and Tajikistan at border pillar No. 75 on the Pamir Plateau.

The Strategic Partnership was established in May 2013. In 2014, President Xi Jinping paid his first state visit to Tajikistan. In May and November 2014, President Rahmon came to China to attend the CICA Summit and the APEC Host Partner Dialogue respectively. In September 2015, President Rahmon came to China to attend the commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In December 2015, Prime Minister Rasul Zoda came to China to attend the Prime Ministers' meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the World Internet Conference.

From January to November 2015, the bilateral trade volume was 1.687 billion billion US dollars, down 27.6 percent year on year. Among them, China exported US $1.642 billion billion, down 27.6 percent year-on-year, and imported US $0.045 billion billion, up 2.6 percent year-on-year. China is the largest source of investment and the second largest trading partner of Tajikistan.